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M44 generator cluster
The M44 generator cluster was an American chemical cluster bomb designed to deliver the incapacitating agent BZ. It was first mass-produced in 1962 and all stocks of the weapons were destroyed by 1989.
==History==
The United States Army Chemical Corps renewed their chemical warfare (CW) program's focus in the early 1960s.〔〔Smart, Jeffery K. ''(Medical Aspects of Chemical and Biological Warfare )'': Chapter 2 - History of Chemical and Biological Warfare: An American Perspective, ((PDF ): p. 51), ''Borden Institute'', Textbooks of Military Medicine, PDF via Maxwell-Gunter Air Force Base, accessed December 12, 2008.〕 This refocusing led to the pursuit of weapons utilizing agent BZ. In March 1962 the U.S. Army first began mass-production of the M44 generator cluster, along with the M43 BZ cluster bomb.〔Davison, Neil. "('Off the Rocker' and 'On the Floor': The Continued Development of Biochemical Incapacitating Weapons )", Bradford Science and Technology Report No. 8, Department of Peace Studies, University of Bradford (UK), August 2007, p. 5, accessed December 12, 2008.〕〔
Despite reaching mass-production ("standardization" in military jargon) levels, the M44 and the M43 were never truly integrated into the main U.S. chemical arsenal.〔 In total, around 1,500 of the M44s and M43s were produced.〔 All U.S. BZ munitions and agent stockpiles were stored at Pine Bluff Arsenal.〔 The entire U.S. BZ stockpile, including the M44s, were demilitarized and destroyed between 1988 and 1989.〔Mauroni, Albert J. ''Chemical Demilitarization: Public Policy Aspects'', ((Google Books )), Greenwood Publishing Group, 2003, p. 19, (ISBN 027597796X).〕
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